In a paper published Monday in the journal Nature, scientists from Kyushu University in Fukuoce announce that they managed to create eggs from skin. In short, in his laboratory has recreated the natural process of formation and maturation of the egg, completely out of the body hole of the mother, and the whole process they started with skin cells from an adult DOE.
the experiment
Group Katsuhiko Hayashi took a mouse from adult females, the skin cells of the tail. Using the already familiar ways, to throw them into their biological time – przeprogramowali to formed of these cells, which have characteristics of embryonic stem cells. This means that as well as from the embryo, can them start any cells and tissues of the body.
Exposing them to the action of selected substances, scientists have received of them so-called precursors of eggs. Before they reached maturity, need some incentive. The Japanese positioned between the cells obtained from the ovaries of mouse fetuses and, ultimately stimulated immature eggs to develop. Due to this, scientists received more than 4 thousand. the fully ripe eggs.
to conclude that they are healthy and in full, some of them zapłodniono in vitro. Thus, the researchers have created more than 1,300 embryos that were implanted in the rat “foster mothers.” Born from eight mice. Was fertile and can spend on the world the next generation.
the next photo shows 11-month-old mice born from eggs created entirely outside the mother’s body laboratory in Japan:
This is a remarkable achievement. For the first time managed to create an effective egg from skin cells
Hayashi is working on creating eggs for many years. Four years ago, announced that he managed to grow primitive cells gametyczne – that is, not the egg, but such that embryos develop normally in the egg.
the Fact that this technique will be used to create human eggs, it seems only a matter of time, but so far human studies are not conducted in Japan, because the local laws prohibit the ability of the modified human germ cells for research purposes. Experience shows, however, that sooner or later such experiments will take place somewhere else.
- I do Not think that it was more difficult than in the case of mice, says in “Nature” Jacob Hanna, a biologist from the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel.
Similar reprogramming of human cells can be used in the treatment of infertility – to give hope to have children to those women who has completely lost the ovaries, for example, as a result of malignancy
a Breakthrough in infertility treatment?
As in the case of an obstacle in moving research on mice is that stimulation of stem cells to develop into a Mature egg, and demanded the use of fetal tissues. In the case that one finds, it is probably ethical barriers, so you need another method.
it is also known to end as a healthy offspring was obtained from the “artificial” eggs. Of the eight mice that were born, two were eaten by the mother. There are many reasons why this can happen but one of them is the fact that our mom realized that children have no chance of survival.
the Children of two fathers
Theoretically, the same method can be used to create egg cells from male cells. The team of Professor Hayashi also took cells from the tails of mice males. The thus created cells obumierały however, at a certain stage of development, probably because the male chromosome, which prevented them from further division.
Cytowani “New Scientist” experts, however, claim that after the removal of cells can divide normally, leading to the formation of oocytes obtained from the male. In the case of using human cells, it would mean that the two men could have progeny.
it is also Worth noting that a few years ago, this same group of Japanese scientists, in the same way created in the lab from skin cells into fully functional sperm. They also “gave birth” to the next generation of mice.
Modern medicine has more in common with what until recently was pure science fiction.
Source: Nature, New Scientist, BBC News
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