The first Indian interplanetary spacecraft entered into orbit around Mars. Thus, for the first time in history happened to the state implementing its space program placed the ship in orbit around Mars in the first attempt.
Two days after entering orbit around Mars orbiter MAVEN American, the elite group of countries and organizations that have successfully reached the Red Planet’s rampant in India. September 22, after previous tests, the main engine of the Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) has been fired for 24 minutes to slow the ship of nearly 4,000 km / h and give to intercept the gravitational field of Mars. MOM made autonomous maneuver into orbit, while hiding behind it, which for a time there was a planned break in communication.
Exactly on time, 2:30 UTC, the flight control center MSM in Bangalore, there was a burst of applause and joy when received telemetry from the probe, providing a successful entry into orbit. “India has successfully reached Mars!” Declared Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi, looking at the actions of the flight control center of the lodge for guests. “We reached beyond the boundaries of human decisions and imagination. Precisely nawigowaliśmy our spaceship on the path known to few, and we did it from a distance so great that orders from us flowed to him longer than sunlight reaches us “- he said. “Dared to reach for the unknown and achieved a thing almost impossible. In this historic moment, congratulations to all ISRO scientists and to all my fellow citizens, “he continued Modi. All at the cost of less than the budget of an average Hollywood film (72 million dollars. Against 671 million cost of the mission MAVEN), did not fail to mention Modi. Support the mission of NASA telescopes.
MOM probe was launched Nov. 5, 2013 roku rocket Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle. It reached Mars has come a distance of more than 660 million kilometers. MOM is on highly elongated orbit of peryreum (the lowest point of the orbit okołomarsjańskiej) at an altitude of 423 kilometers and at an altitude apareum. 80 000 km. Including
MOM, on Mars and around Mars is now up to seven active ships and space vehicles:
– rovers Opportunity and Curiosity
– American satellites of Mars: Mars Odyssey 2001 Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and MAVEN
– European artificial satellite of Mars: Mars Express
This poll IMO, India has overtaken its Asian rivals – China and Japan. To date, successful satelizacji ships around Mars have only the USSR, the USA, and the ESA. Only the USSR and the USA managed to do this repeatedly. Contemporary Russia took two attempts to send probes to Mars (Mars 96 in 1996 and Phobos-Grunt in 2011), but unsuccessfully. India is the first country that the art went for the first time. Over half of all spacecraft missions sent to Mars so far failed. In the last defeat had to face Russia, whose probe Phobos-Grunt has not left Earth orbit and burned in the atmosphere of the Earth. Along with it is destroyed Chinese orbiter Mars, Yinghuo-1.
MOM, also called popularly MangalYaan, carries five science instruments with a total mass of 15 kg. They will include: perform color images of the Martian surface in medium resolution, examine the composition of rocks and soil (infrared spectrometer) and explored the Martian atmosphere, especially for the presence of methane.
Mars Orbiter Mission is the second mission beyond Earth orbit, organized by the Indian Space Research Organization. The first was sent in 2008 lunar probe Chandrayaan 1 ISRO and is currently working on the lunar rover.
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