Nobel Prize winner John O’Keefe, who was born in the United States, but more than 40 years working at University College London, shares the prize with marriage May-Britt and Edvard Moserami, which comes from Norway. The winners of this year’s Nobel Prize for work on cells that play a key role in the perception of position in space.
Professor O O’Keefe, director of the Sainsbury Wellcome Centre in Neural Circuits and Behaviour at University College London, discovered the first elements of an internal positioning system in the brain in 1971. During experiments on rats found in the hippocampus, the center plays an important role in spatial orientation-specific cells, that allow you to determine the position of the body in space.
In a study published in 1971, Professor O’Keefe called them “place cells” and suggested that it is they are used by the brain to build the environment map. In 2005, May-Britt and Edvard Mosererowie who are now working in Trondheim, Norway, have discovered other nerve cells near the part of the brain. It turned out that they were also activated when the rat walked some distance and changed his position.
May Edvard Moserowie -Britt discovered that the location of the hexagonal lattice form in the entorhinal cortex of the brain, which reacts to form a unique spatial pattern. Joint action of both cells, using multiple senses makes we can find in the environment and search for the path between specific places. The so-called. internal GPS is so coordinated system that enables spatial navigation in the surrounding complex maze.
Institute Karolinska in Stockholm said in a statement said that the work of O’Keefe and Moserów helped solve the problem, which for centuries great concern of the head scientists and philosophers.
(MW)
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